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Why does it take California so long to count votes?

Department of Elections employee Hong Pharmacy Ngo places scanned mail-in and drop-off ballots into bins at City Hall in San Francisco on March 5, 2024.
Juliana Yamada
/
CalMatters
Department of Elections employee Hong Pharmacy Ngo places scanned mail-in and drop-off ballots into bins at City Hall in San Francisco on March 5, 2024.

Two weeks after the California primary, only 12 of 58 counties have finished counting votes. While election officials say they need time to verify ballots, two new laws could help speed up the count.

Two weeks after voting ended in California鈥檚 primary, there are 166,000 ballots left to be counted, and a dozen remain too close to call, along with .

While the of the 7.7 million cast, readers have again asked why it takes so long for California to finish counting votes.

California started mailing ballots to all registered voters . This year, about 50% of ballots cast were counted on primary night March 5, compared to 41% in June 2022, according to data from the California Voter Foundation.

But processing mail-in ballots can take time. Any ballots postmarked by March 5 and received by March 12 still get counted. Also, there are a number of steps county elections offices take to ensure the integrity of each voter鈥檚 ballot, some of which can鈥檛 start until after election day. And counties have varying levels of staffing or resources that can impact how quickly the work is done. As of Tuesday night, 12 of 58 counties reported completing their tallies.

鈥淚t鈥檚 not just about counting ballots, although that is critically important,鈥 said Ryan Ronco, president of the California Association of Clerks and Election Officials and registrar of voters for Placer County. 鈥淚t鈥檚 also about counting ballots accurately with staff that you have that can commit to that project 鈥 knowing that there are also other legally required projects that we need to complete during this period.鈥

Those counties that have finished counting , but also a few larger ones such as San Francisco. California鈥檚 most populous county, Los Angeles, has counted more than 1.6 million ballots, and has about 4,000 left to go.

While part of the delay is due to ensuring accuracy, lengthy vote counts can .

The state passed some laws to try and speed up the process. One new law allows counties to from people who bring them in person. Placer County did so this primary: About 8,000 people used the system of the nearly 15,000 who came to vote centers.

Another new law allows counties to . But both laws just went into effect on Jan. 1, and not all counties have had the time or resources to opt in yet.

In Orange County, the last batch of notification letters were sent out March 13, according to Bob Page, the county鈥檚 registrar of voters. Voters have until two days prior to certification of the election to respond.

The county is also working on processing provisional and conditional ballots, and resolving issues with ballots that were damaged or marked improperly. As of Tuesday evening, the county had processed about 678,000 ballots, and had nearly 12,000 left to count.

Counties have until April 2 to report the final results of the presidential primaries to the Secretary of State鈥檚 office, and until April 5 for other state races. The Secretary of State will certify the final primary results by April 12.

 is a nonprofit, nonpartisan media venture explaining California policies and politics. 

Sameea Kamal is a reporter at CalMatters covering the state Capitol and California politics. She joined CalMatters in June 2021 from the Los Angeles Times, where she was a News Desk editor. Sameea was one of three 2020 IRE Journalist of Color fellows, and previously worked for the Center for Public Integrity. She earned her bachelor鈥檚 degree from the University of California, Berkeley, and her master鈥檚 degree in journalism from Columbia Journalism School.