For years, Republicans have railed against 鈥渂allot harvesting鈥� as an underhanded tactic by Democrats to win elections.
But for the 2024 election, the California GOP is going big on collecting ballots from voters and dropping them off at election offices or polling places, which is legal in California, with some conditions.
In part, it鈥檚 a reflection of political reality: With a few exceptions, the Republican Party has been struggling. On top of Democratic majorities in the Legislature since 1996, no Republican has been elected statewide office since 2006. And since the COVID-19 pandemic, California has sent mail ballots to every registered voter, making it easier for people to cast their ballots earlier and not just at polling places on Election Day.
鈥淭hese are the rules that we have been given. And we have to play by those rules,鈥� said Jessica Millan Patterson, chairperson of the California Republican Party. 鈥淚t doesn鈥檛 make any sense to only be Election Day voters. That is like only playing three quarters of a football game.鈥�
Patterson said she has recognized the importance of early voting since 2018, when she ran for party chairperson 鈥� a 鈥渧ery dark time鈥� when the GOP lost half of its congressional delegation. And she鈥檚 still saying it even though mail voting has been central to former President Trump鈥檚 claims that the 2020 presidential election was stolen.
鈥淲e would win California in a general election if they didn鈥檛 have a rigged voting system, where they send out 22 million ballots,鈥� Trump within the first few minutes of his speech 鈥� contrary to some messaging from his own campaign. 鈥淣obody knows where they鈥檙e going, who they鈥檙e going to, who signs them, who delivers them, and who the hell counts 鈥榚m? Nobody knows.鈥�
Fact-check: State law requires county election officials to let you to from when it鈥檚 submitted to when it鈥檚 counted and to collect data on rejected ballots.
Later at the convention, though, delegates attended a session on ballot harvesting, which session leaders said could capture the votes of 鈥渓azy Republicans鈥� in key areas. But they said it probably isn鈥檛 worth the effort in heavily Democratic neighborhoods.
While mail-in voting is widely thought of as benefiting Democrats, it doesn鈥檛 favor one party over the other.
鈥淲e did not find that there was a party advantage like increasing turnout. It didn鈥檛 increase turnout more for Democrats versus Republicans,鈥� said Mindy Romero, director of the Center for Inclusive Democracy at USC鈥檚 Price School of Public Policy.
California is that allows a person voting by mail to designate someone else to return their ballot, according to the National Conference of State Legislatures. , only family or household members could return ballots, but the Legislature in part because there was no way to enforce that law, according to Kim Alexander, president of the California Voter Foundation.
Now, anyone can return the ballot as long as that person isn鈥檛 compensated based on the number of ballots returned (it鈥檚 legal to be paid a flat rate). The person must sign the envelope and return the ballot in person or by mail within three days of receiving it, or before polls close on Election Day. 鈥�
What鈥檚 not legal?
Forcing anyone you鈥檙e collecting a ballot from to vote a certain way. Employers are also .
Unofficial dropboxes are also prohibited. In 2020, California sent a to the state Republican Party, as well as local chapters in Fresno, Orange County and Los Angeles, for misleading practices, such as placing ballot drop boxes that were falsely labeled as 鈥渙fficial.鈥� The state threatened legal action, but after the California GOP agreed to modify how it collected ballots.
Asked if it would deploy dropboxes in 2024, the party only responded that it plans to 鈥渆mploy a robust ballot harvesting program that ensures that voters have more options to cast their ballot in the primary and general elections.鈥�
Alexander sees the GOP effort to amp up third-party ballot returns as positive. But she does believe the laws governing the process could be more clear, and that election officials should educate voters more about their rights 鈥� such as rejecting someone鈥檚 offer to collect a ballot.
She also notes that state law requires that the ballot collector fill out their name, relationship to the voter and signature on each ballot envelope. But even if that information is not filled out, that鈥檚 not necessarily grounds for rejecting the ballot. The information and signature are more like a contract between the voter and the collector.
鈥淭hat鈥檚 why I would always urge people to only turn their ballot over to somebody who they trust, and to make sure that person takes some time to fill out that information in their presence so they know that person is being accountable to them,鈥� Alexander said.
The potential payoff
For the 2024 election, the state GOP plan is focused on grassroots efforts 鈥� recruiting volunteers to go door-to-door to build relationships with voters and later collect ballots.
That trust-building might be key to convincing people that their ballots will be counted. The party will also continue to recruit election observers 鈥� something anyone is entitled to do 鈥� and is assigning an election integrity chairperson and a lawyer in each county.
鈥淲e will continue to do the work that we鈥檙e doing to make sure that individuals are voting by every legal means necessary,鈥� Patterson said.
But for all the Republican Party鈥檚 plans, they aren鈥檛 likely to have much impact on statewide elections. There are about 27 million people who are eligible to vote in California, and of the 22 million who are registered 47% are Democrats, 24% are Republicans, and 23% have no party preference.
In California鈥檚 2022 general election, data analyzed by the Center for Inclusive Democracy shows a higher percentage of registered Republican voters turned out than Democrats 鈥� 61% compared to 53% 鈥� but Newsom still won by nearly 20 percentage points.
But in some swing congressional and legislative races, Republicans narrowly won in Democratic-majority districts last November. For instance, U.S. Rep. , a Modesto Republican, beat Democrat Adam Gray by 564 votes in a district where President Biden beat Trump by 14.5 percentage points. And Republican Assemblymember Josh Hoover ousted Democrat Ken Cooley by 1,383 votes in a Sacramento-area district.
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