California is first in a lot of things, but voting isn't always one of them. In the last election, less than a third of eligible voters cast a ballot. And for one of the most diverse states in the country, it鈥檚 still an older, whiter and wealthier group of voters who show up for Election Day.
To get a ground-level look at what is on the minds of Californians this election year, four California public media newsrooms are teaming up. Reporters from KQED in San Francisco, Capital Public Radio in Sacramento, KPBS in San Diego and KPCC in Los Angeles examined voter turnout records to identify communities where many people are opting out of voting and communities where getting in a ballot is a priority.
Throughout the year we'll be following a handful of communities, asking about the candidates, issues and circumstances that either drive people to the polls or keep them home on Election Day. And we'll explore other ways, besides voting, that Californians are engaging in the civic life of their communities.
Many People Say Their Vote Doesn't Count
Our first stop is the South Los Angeles community of just south of downtown L.A. Once a stronghold of African-American life and culture, Watts has changed a lot in recent decades. Many black families fled in the aftermath of riots in and 1992, or to escape gang violence and find work and cheaper housing in other places, like San Bernardino to the east or Lancaster in northern Los Angeles County.
Watts remains one of the most densely packed sections of L.A., thanks in part to new Latino and Asian families moving in. Yet most voting precincts in the Watts area saw fewer than 22 percent of eligible voters cast a ballot in the 2014 general election.
鈥淚 voted in the past, but votin鈥� it doesn't mean nothing,鈥� says 29-year-old machinist Samuel Price as he waited to catch a bus to work.
Price doesn鈥檛 vote now. When asked if he might find himself charged up over a controversial proposition or firebrand presidential candidate, he doesn't hesitate to answer.
鈥淣obody, none,鈥� Price says. 鈥淭he political process to me is all a big game; it鈥檚 all corrupt, it鈥檚 about money.鈥�
Bus driver Walter Flowers does vote. He says he leans conservative; the economy 鈥� higher wages specifically 鈥� is foremost on his mind.
鈥淚t鈥檚 the poor people that are the main source of the labor in the city. Without that blue-collar labor, a lot of L.A. will not run right,鈥� Flowers says.
And, he adds, 鈥淎nything that depletes money from my pocket to Washington, D.C., that's what bothers me.鈥�
In fact, the majority of Watts鈥檚 residents fall
In Meadowview, a predominantly black and Latino neighborhood in Sacramento with middle-to-lower-income residents, about 45 percent of registered voters submitted a ballot in the 2014 general election.
But skip above Interstate 5, the dividing line between Meadowview and the neighborhood of Pocket-Greenhaven, and it鈥檚 a much different story. Sculpted lawns, monogrammed gates and private lakes line the main roads, while young families gravitate to the suburban homes at the Pocket's center.
Residents like Ellen Broms speak knowledgeably of the upcoming presidential elections.
鈥淚 vote every time. (But) I don鈥檛 necessarily work for a candidate every time,鈥� says Broms, sitting on a concrete bench at a dog park squarely between the two neighborhoods.
Now in her early 70s, Broms has voted in every election since she was 19.
鈥淚t maybe doesn鈥檛 seem like it makes a difference, but I always look back and think you plant a seed, and you have to look at the long view,鈥� says Broms.
In contrast to Meadowview, almost 60 percent of the Pocket鈥檚 predominantly wealthy, white registered voters turned out for the November 2014 election.
鈥淲e can't ignore the linkages and the parallels between poverty and wealth, versus turnout rates,鈥� says California , who grew up in the working-class suburb of Pacoima north of Los Angeles.
Padilla says many of California鈥檚 unregistered and most disenfranchised voters live in communities like Watts or Meadowview.
鈥淒isproportionately communities of color, disproportionately younger people, disproportionately working-class families,鈥� says Padilla. 鈥淎nd so what are the reasons for that?鈥�
Among eligible Californians between the ages of 18 to 24, only about 8.2 percent voted in the 2014 general election, according to a .
Eduardo Marcos, 22, a student at Sacramento City College, says there's just no point to voting.
鈥淏asically, the stuff I hear is the same thing I鈥檝e heard over and over the years. For example, we got wars, we got the economy going up and down,鈥� Marcos says. 鈥淚t鈥檚 just the same things I see forming, but no one鈥檚 really solving anything.鈥�
'We Depend on Her, for Our Vote to Count'
About an hour south of Fresno, in the town of , the Medellin-Huerta family is trying to convince one young family member to vote this year. Luis Medellin, 29, can't understand why his 18-year-old sister, Amy Huerta, doesn't vote 鈥� and he's trying to convince her why it matters.
鈥淚鈥檓 pretty sure you鈥檙e registered to vote, when you turned 18,鈥� Medellin tells her. 鈥淎re you going to vote?鈥�
鈥淚 don鈥檛 know,鈥� laughs his sister nervously. 鈥淚 feel like sometimes my vote doesn鈥檛 count,鈥� says Huerta, echoing the sentiment of countless voters across California. 鈥淓specially because right now, (my) generation is at a point where they don鈥檛 care.鈥�
Amy鈥檚 brother does care, and lobbying his sister to get out the vote isn鈥檛 his only cause. Medellin also works as an activist on the issues of and air quality in his community. But here's the rub: Medellin doesn鈥檛 vote either. He can't. He was born in Mexico and doesn't have legal residency. Neither do his parents. But Amy was born in the United States, and her brother feels she has an obligation to exercise her right to vote as a U.S. citizen.
鈥淎my is our family鈥檚 voice. Because myself, I don鈥檛 have legal status, my parents don鈥檛 have legal status,鈥� says Medellin. 鈥淲e depend on her, for our vote to count.鈥�
There probably aren鈥檛 many elected leaders who understand the value of each and every vote more than the mayor of Lindsay. Of her roughly 12,000 constituents, only about 2,000 are registered to vote.
鈥淚 think that I won by maybe by 50 votes,鈥� she says.
Lindsay is set amid acres of lemon and orange orchards in Tulare County. Citrus is king here. But the people in this rural, working-class community often feel disconnected. It鈥檚 how Villarreal-Padilla sometimes felt way before she was mayor, when she was a kid. Her father was a farmworker who marched with labor organizer Cesar Chavez.
鈥淏ut my dad, if he left anything for us to know, he said if you don鈥檛 vote, or don鈥檛 register to vote, then the government will take your voice away," Padilla said.
And there are a lot of muted voices out there: nearly 7 million eligible yet unregistered voters in California, according to the Secretary of State鈥檚 Office.
Those are the people Alex Padilla is trying to reach with a he spearheaded last year to increase the number of registered voters.
鈥淏ut registration is just half the battle,鈥� he says. 鈥淥nly 42 percent of registered voters turned out in November 2014. How do we get them to the polls?鈥� asks Padilla. 鈥淲ell, reforms (like) mailing every voter a ballot every election and providing flexibility in when, where and how to cast a ballot. We know from Colorado, turnout is up 20 percent since they instituted these reforms. And I think it can work for us here in California.鈥�
Working to Engage New Voters
There鈥檚 also the tried-and-true method of walking the precinct block by block, door to door, day in and day out. That鈥檚 what Debora Samuels does as a volunteer with the , a faith-based group working to boost voter turnout. Samuels focuses on the sprawling San Diego neighborhood of .
It can use the attention, with less than 20 percent of registered voters actually casting ballots in recent elections. More a small city within a really big city, City Heights captures the quicksilver demographics of Southern California. About 75,000 people live in City Heights, nearly half emigrating from countries outside the U.S.
鈥淵ou can find from Latino, Vietnamese, African like from Ethiopia,鈥� says Samuels, rattling off a sampling of the ethnic mix. She herself was born in Panama and resettled in City Heights 20 years ago. It's among these new immigrants, the ones who like Samuels will eventually become U.S. citizens, where she and others find hope for the electoral process.
鈥淲hen they first get naturalized they are excited, because they can vote, they can ask for what they want,鈥� says Samuels. 鈥淏ut I guess down the road when they see things not changing, that鈥檚 what brings them down. And they get disinterested.鈥�
It鈥檚 an all too familiar caveat that at least in recent elections suggests a civic crisis for California.
This article was written by Steven Cuevas of KQED. Ben Bradford of Capital Public Radio reported from Sacramento, Megan Burks of KPBS reported from City Heights, Mary Plummer of KPCC reported from Watts and Sasha Khokha of KQED reported from Lindsay.
California Counts is a collaboration of KPBS, KPCC, KQED and Capital Public Radio to report on the 2016 election. The coverage focuses on major issues and solicits diverse voices on what's important to the future of California.
Copyright 2015 KQED.