Opill, the first birth control pill available without a prescription, arrived on the shelves in Oregon this week.
CVS, Walgreens, and Rite-Aid are among the major retailers selling it in stores and online.
OPB confirmed that it is available statewide with spot checks in the Portland area and phone calls to pharmacies in Bend, Eugene and Ontario. It costs about $20 for a 28-day supply.
Opill is a progestin-only pill, with far fewer risks than familiar combination birth control pills that contain both estrogen and progestin. The FDA for over-the-counter use last year.
It can be safely taken by virtually anyone, including many people who are not supposed to take combination pills, such as nursing mothers, people with high blood pressure, and people with vascular disease.
The FDA鈥檚 review people could successfully read the label and self-screen for the medication. And there鈥檚 no medical test, like a pelvic exam, required to take it.
鈥淚t鈥檚 an incredibly safe method, and we鈥檙e really lucky to be at this time and place that we have this available to us,鈥� said Alison Edelman, a professor and obstetrician-gynecologist at Oregon Health & Science University. Edelman and OHSU received funding from HRA Pharma, the company that developed Opill, to research the impact of missed doses on ovulation, as part of the FDA approval process.
Women鈥檚 health experts hope the over-the-counter option will make it easier for people to get birth control and reduce unintended pregnancies, particularly for young people and anyone who struggles to see a health provider regularly.
Edelman said it鈥檚 also common for women who have a preferred method of birth control to let that prescription lapse and run out of pills. With health care services under strain, it can be hard to quickly schedule an appointment with a primary care doctor.
People in that situation can use the Opill as an 鈥渋n between鈥� method for a month or two, while they鈥檙e waiting to get a new prescription.
鈥淚t鈥檚 just an added choice, and I think we all benefit,鈥� Edelman said.
Opill is less time sensitive than previous progestin-only pills
When used 鈥減erfectly,鈥� according to the label instructions, Opill is 99 percent effective, meaning one person out of 100 will become pregnant over the course of a year on the pill. When used under real-world conditions (in which a person misses a dose every once and a while), it鈥檚 93 percent effective, comparable to combination pills.
One challenge associated with progestin-only pills like Opill is that to be effective, they need to be taken at roughly the same time every day. The pill鈥檚 FDA label says people should use a back-up method of contraception, like condoms, if the Opill is taken 3 or more hours late.
Edelman said the Opill is less time sensitive than previous progestin-only pills. It uses a different form of progestin in a larger dose.
The FDA, however, stuck with the 3-hour warning on the label 鈥渢o be super safe,鈥� Edelman said. 鈥淭he study didn鈥檛 show any increased risk of ovulation.鈥�
Other women鈥檚 health experts said the most important thing is to tie the habit of taking the pill to another part of your daily routine, like brushing your teeth or eating breakfast.
鈥淎s human beings, we鈥檙e notoriously poor pill takers, whether it鈥檚 for a heart condition or for contraception,鈥� said Cynthia Harper, a professor of obstetrics and gynecology at the University of California, San Francisco.
Harper agreed that the label is conservative and people shouldn鈥檛 stress too much if they鈥檙e late occasionally.
鈥淲e do have a lot of evidence that shows now that, if you take this pill 6 hours late, it鈥檚 still going to be highly effective,鈥� Harper said.
Oregon has a wide range of birth control options that people can get without needing to make an appointment with a doctor first.
A 2016 law allowed trained pharmacists to prescribe short-acting methods including combination pills, the patch and the ring. They can bill patients鈥� insurance, including Oregon Health Plan, the state鈥檚 Medicaid program for low-income people.
Pharmacies with staff trained in the program will generally post signs or stickers indicating they can prescribe birth control on site.
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