In a remote part of southeast Oregon, about the only oasis for a hundred-mile stretch of highway is the Oasis Cafe in Juntura. Travelers come in for hot coffee served in hulking styrofoam cups, and to gather near the wood stove.
Rancher Glenn Harris, from Drewsy, said this spring鈥檚 bitter cold has been devastating for newborn calves.
鈥淲e had about two feet of snow at least, on top of five or six inches of ice,鈥� Harris said of a storm last month. 鈥淭hose calves are born and they just melt right down to that ice. If you鈥檙e not right there, you鈥檙e gonna lose 鈥榚m.鈥�
Usually, the mother gives birth on her own without human help, and licks the newborn dry. But blizzards make things more complicated: the calves can go from about 100 degrees in the womb to zero 鈥� or minus several degrees with wind 鈥� and wet coats. Not to mention the more typical risks, like when the calf is too big for the mother鈥檚 frame, or the baby is breech.
Harris has a herd of mostly red angus. This year, he said he鈥檚 lost around 35 calves. About 25 are injured from frozen joints.
鈥淚 mean they can barely walk,鈥� Harris said. 鈥淚t鈥檚 just been a really tough year.鈥�
Tired shovels
We spoke with more than a dozen ranchers for this story, as well as an official from the U.S. Department of Agriculture, two weather experts, and a cattle futures broker. The losses from the cold appear to be widespread.
On some ranches in southeast Oregon, the losses have been particularly staggering. Several ranchers estimated that they鈥檝e lost a quarter of their calves to the cold. There鈥檚 no way of knowing the exact number 鈥� the USDA鈥檚 National Agricultural Statistics Service doesn鈥檛 count cattle during the spring 鈥� but all told, operators believe thousands of calves may have perished across the Northwest, West, and Midwest.
In Oregon last month, temperatures were below average nearly every day. The weather experts 鈥� Mary Wister, a meteorologist at the National Weather Service station in Pendleton, and Karin Bumbaco, a researcher with the University of Washington鈥檚 鈥� said blasting from parts of the Northwest through to the Midwest are partly to blame.
For ranchers, some losses are inevitable 鈥� but it鈥檚 extremely rare to have so many weather-related deaths.
Linda Owens has a cow-calf operation in McAllister, Montana.
鈥淚鈥檝e worn a shovel out this year digging myself out 鈥� my tractor, my pickup with the trailer [...] trying to get carcasses off the landscape,鈥� Owens said. 鈥淚鈥檝e shoveled more this year than I have for seven years for anything and my shovel is very tired, and I鈥檓 going to have to get a new one.鈥�
A lot of the carcasses in Owens鈥檚 county go to an . There are only two of them in the county, and Owens runs one of them. The other site is full, she said.
In addition to calves, Owens has also picked up several horses who slipped on ice and had to be put down, including one particularly sad case in February.
鈥淗e slipped on the ice and broke his leg,鈥� she said. 鈥淚t was right close in town and so the neighbor saw the horse out there.鈥�
Saving every calf they can
A little further east in Kimball, South Dakota, Colby Olson was feeding his cattle in the snow. He said with hundreds of animals, they wouldn't all fit in the barn during a bad storm.
Olson said his young children 鈥� ages eight, seven, and even a three-year-old 鈥� have been pitching in by helping him match calves to the right mother.
鈥淭he kids, they called off school,鈥� Olson said. 鈥淪o I was picking up calves and throwing them in the back seat of the pickup. And I鈥檇 say, 鈥極kay, put a scarf on that calf and remember he鈥檚 number 707.鈥�
Olson and other ranchers say they鈥檙e bringing newborn calves inside to blow them dry with hair dryers and get their ears warmed up. Ears and tails are the first to get frost bitten on young calves.
Low feed
In some of the areas facing persistent ice and snow, hay supplies were low due to widespread drought last year. Now, with increased demand, lots of ranchers are completely running out of feed. They can buy more, but trucking it in from far away or out of state is expensive. And in some areas they鈥檝e already been feeding hay since November or December, depending on the area. By now, ranchers typically expect the grass to return in lower elevations. But with snow still covering much of the West鈥檚 rangeland, there鈥檚 little grass to turn cattle out on.
Some Oregon ranchers estimate it will be mid-May, way later than normal, before they鈥檒l be able to turn out.
The only potential bright spot: When all the snow melts, they鈥檒l have lots of moisture, which means good grass for grazing.
With his back to the woodstove at the Oasis Cafe in Juntura, Oregon, rancher Glenn Harris鈥� eyes were collecting water at the rims. The wear of this icey spring showed on his face.
鈥淚t鈥檚 a struggle,鈥� Harris said. 鈥淚 had to put one down the other day that we tried for quite a while to save. And he really wanted to live, but he just kept getting weaker and weaker [鈥 tubed him, and anyway, he didn鈥檛 make it. So yeah.鈥�
He trailed off. Then, in a low voice, he said he鈥檒l do the best he can with the calves he has left.
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